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1.Here is a brief introduction to the main components of a motor.

(1) Wire the wire, also known as a conductor, serves as the path for current. It is typically made of copper, although aluminum is also used in some cases.

The wire can be categorized into two types: those that supply power to the motor from the power source and the coils wound inside the motor. In terms of generating a magnetic field, these coils correspond to magnet wire. The insulating material used (which will be introduced later) is enamel resin, hence it is also referred to as enamel wire in Japanese.

In modern times, high-molecular materials are utilized for insulation; however, the term "enamel wire" continues to be retained.

The name "enamel wire" signifies its role as a material for motor coils and thus serves as the Japanese equivalent of magnet wire.

(2) Core

The core functions as the magnetic path and is typically made of iron. Additionally, the iron used to connect two magnets through magnetic flux is commonly referred to as yoke iron (yoke).

Structural iron and core iron contain different impurities. Structural iron contains carbon (C), while core iron contains silicon (Si), which is also known as silicon steel. In a motor, the core consists of both stator core and rotor core with a magnetic path formed by their gap. The stator core's electromagnetic poles in DC motors are magnetized by direct current; therefore, they do not require lamination and can be made of soft steel.

Conversely, laminated iron is used for armature circuit rotor cores that change their magnetic flux when rotating. Small DC motors generally have permanent magnets serving as their magnetic poles. As all these components are magnetized by alternating current, it's best for synchronous motors' stator and rotor cores along with induction motors' armatures to be made of laminated iron.

(3) Insulators (materials)

Insulators that block current are employed to prevent current from flowing into areas outside designated fields using insulating materials such as rubber or high molecular compounds/resins like enamel paper mica or glass fiber.

(4) Permanent Magnets

One crucial component within an electromagnetic structure includes permanent magnets utilized as sources of magnetic fields composed mainly of an alloy or oxide primarily consisting of iron.